Monday, September 30, 2019
Defining the Concept of Voice Through an Assessment of Shakespeares “Twelfth Night†Essay
Defining the Concept of Voice Through an Assessment of Shakespeare’s â€Å"Twelfth Night†Introduction            Literary voice is a multifaceted subject that involves both linguistic and stylistic aspects. The readers and editors often significantly demand the involvement of originality and creativity. The level of creativity is required in the development of lasting and satisfactory understanding of the development of the voice. According to Hunter College Reading/Writing Center common characteristics of ‘voice’ is â€Å"Distinct from the terms persona, narrator and tone, voice is associated with the underlying vision of a writer, her general attitude toward the world.†This paper is a fervently articulates the definition of voice through the linguistic choices of Shakespeare’s in his famous play Twelfth Night in evident through his passion for drama and poetry.            The voice when applied in rhetoric it demonstrates the clarity of the visions and thoughts of the writer. Voice is specific to every individual more artistically conveyed in the works of writers. The uniqueness of every piece of writing as a piece of artistic work is subject to the distinct figurative role or a unique commentary of the creator â€Å"writer†. Plays are composed of literal and allegorically unique to develop individuality for the play that is meaningful and captivate. Voice is defined as the distinctive tone or style identifiable of literary work or author.            Twelfth Night demonstrates a tonal play written out to sound like a poem, where there is rhythmic balance in the pronunciation of the lines. Most importantly, the content reflects a unique commentary that speaks beyond what is given in the play. Any individual who is accustomed to the work of William Shakespeare would be able rapidly to detect that Twelfth Night is one of Shakespeare’s works through his techniques of writing. Shakespeare uses a unique combination of writing techniques such as twisted iambic pentameter and soliloquies. At the start of Twelfth Night, Orsino, a Duke, demands if music creates love, then â€Å"Give me excess of it, that, surfeiting†(1.1.2). If music be the food of love, play on; Give me excess of it, that, surfeiting, The appetite may sicken, and so die            That strain again! it had a dying fall: O, it came o’er my ear like the sweet sound, That breathes upon a bank of violets, Stealing and giving odour! Enough; no more: By using iambic pentameter, Shakespeare defines Orsino’s character to be different from those of different social class. Here, Shakespeare uses iambic pentameter in a distinct way by switching the tones around to create a different tonal pattern. Instead of the regular iambus of one stressed and one unstressed beat (ba-BUM) for ten syllables straight, he makes a modification to some syllables in order to emphasize certain words.SIR TOBY BELCH Approach, Sir Andrew: not to be abed aftermidnight is to be up betimes; and ‘diluculosurgere,’ thou know’st,– In act 2 scene 3, The syntax and the preceding semicolon on the first line direct the stress on give at the beginning, but the resulting pattern is choppy and almost dactylic in its meter. He often uses this technique on characters that had a higher social status in his plays. On the contrary, those characters of a lower status were deemed not to have the leisure to experiment with literature speaking in regular prose or verse. For example, Malvolio, a butler, attempts prose in the beginning but changes to speak in verse like, â€Å"Daylight and champain discovers not more: this is open. I will be proud I will read politic authors,†(2.5.155-157). Iambic pentameter shows control and yet the emphasis here is on the instability and the intensity of class difference. Thus, Shakespeare’s manipulation of regular iambic pentameter to create differential approach to the field of play each character has. This inherently configures a reflection of his unique voice, and this leads readers to think that, in literature, voice is distinct and unique to develop a persona.            Another literary device that commonly found in Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night is soliloquy, which involves a character speaking his or her thoughts aloud. The ideas conveyed by the actor are a way providing information from Shakespeare own point view on certain situations. In 2.2 of Twelfth Night, Viola, disguised as Cesario, conveys her realization of the mistakes she caused due to her disguise: Disguise, I see, thou art a wickedness, Wherein the pregnant enemy does much. How easy is it for the proper-false In women’s waxen hearts to set their forms!            Alas, our fraility is the cause, not we, For such as we are made of, such we be. How will this fadge? My master loves her dearly,And I, poor monster, fond as much on him,And she, mistaken, seems to dote on me.What will become of this? As I am man,My state is desperate for my master’s love.As I am woman, now, alas the day,What thriftless sighs shall poor Olivia breathe! (2.2.26–38)            This soliloquy serves a purpose of developing context outside of the literal play. In real life, people don’t typically speak their thoughts aloud when alone. Shakespeare’s use of soliloquy is a active interpretation of what the audience does not yet understood. Thus, the conscious choice to use a soliloquy is representative of Shakespeare’s voice because, it develops Shakespeare’s style of presenting mental or non-visible information to become visible to the audience. Soliloquy adequately conveys the strength of Shakespeare to back audience into the scene of play through understanding of the event. Secondly, it develops in a way where Cesario is aware of the whole plot and takes on a role in knowledge as an audience. Furthermore, this foreshadows of how there will be a conclusion to untie this lie, and chaos Viola has created through her disguise. These complex ideas are voices for Shakespeare’s readers to notice through his voice beyond the literal sound of the play.            A complex idea beyond the authentic voice of the play also develops the style that is distinct to Shakespeare. In the same scene, Shakespeare also personifies the concept of a â€Å"disguise†to render a style of narration. Shakespeare uses apostrophe, and aside or address inanimate objects as though they are alive. For example Cesario concludes that â€Å"Time,†which she addresses as a character, must unravel this madness, as she cannot undo Olivia’s confusion, â€Å"O, Time, thou must unravel this, not I†(2.2.39). In this soliloquy, Caesario highlights the weakness of women, the subjectivity of love and the conflicts presented by appearance versus reality. The use of monologue, apostrophe and iambic pentameter in combination create Shakespeare’s voice. It sets his writing apart from other writers who present a similar plot. For example, Ewon Leslie’s She’s the Man incorporates scenarios from Twelfth Night but is written in an entire different voice and style. Both presenting a story plot of a woman in disguise of men creating a chaotic love web, She’s the Man, is different as the literal voice was of modern English. Which does not use poetry, soliloquy, nor personification. Through examining Shakespeare’s use of personification and soliloquy, audiences can see that idea of voice is unique on its own and cannot be imitated.            In fact, it is not only a unique concept to developing a figurative voice for Shakespeare, but also a voice in writing. â€Å"It is one of the last of the Elizabethan comedies†¦reflecting the anxieties and uncertainties of its historical moment,†and â€Å"first seventeenth century comedy, and is in many ways a beginning -of-century play, inaugurating a new poetics: some commentators have been it as the first of the ‘ dark comedies’†(Elam 2). This explained through his scene, which prepares us for dramatic irony when Maria, Sir Andrew, and Sir Toby write the letter to Malvolio, under the pretence of Olivia.            Maria            I will drop in his way some obscure epistles of love; wherein, by the colour of his beard, the shape of his leg, the manner of his gait, the expressure of his eye, forehead, and complexion, he shall find himself most feelingly personated. I can write very like my lady your niece: on a forgotten matter we can hardly make distinction of our hands. As we, the audiences are aware of the deception, because Malvolio himself is not aware of it when he finds and reads the letter during Act 2, Scene 5. Presuming the letter is for him, and from Olivia, he proceeds to embarrass himself. This structure of the voice develops as Shakespeare style in dramatic irony where the audience becomes important to the play. Voice here holds a distinct figurative role to incorporate audience into understanding voice of Shakespeare. A further technique that is commonly used by Shakespeare and is, therefore, representative of his voice concerns the way in which he in corporates the audience into play. According to Keir Elam, Twelfth Night, â€Å"pleasures and trials of spectatorship†(Elam 3). By having spectatorship and asking audience for appraisal, establishes the use of dramatic irony. Audience is present and indulging in the same space as the characters through the lines: Sir An. Here comes the fool, i’ faith. Look, here comes a fool. Fes. How now, my hearts! Did you never see the picture of ‘We Three’? Hello, my friends! What a pretty picture, three fools all together. Sir To. Welcome, ass. Now let’s have a catch. (2.3.12-17) Taking this even further, Shakespeare typically uses a fool to breaks the fourth wall. The fool is present in this piece as he is in many of Shakespeare’s plays; for example, Puck in A Midsummer Night’s Dream invites the audience to be with them. This analysis of the way Shakespeare uses tone, mood, style and figurative techniques through the fool to demonstrate his thin king and logic provides further insights reflecting his personality and ability to manipulate what is perceived. However, in She’s the Man, a movie that â€Å"relate only to the plot of the work, the poetry and character being all his own†(Hudson 8), the fool is the audience (not a character). The story presented in She’s the Man has every potential to be another copy of Twelfth Night because it shares a similar plot. Referencing stories outside set Twelfth Night apart from She’s the Man, such as that Twelfth Night’s â€Å"setting of the play, Illyria , as an exotic and unfamiliar location associated with literary romance, lyricism, and illusion,†(Entland, 149). However, the way it is written, its voice, sets it aside from Twelfth Night, which was very much a play written for characters to perform.            This leads the audience to form the conclusion that voice is something that is expressed and received by the initiator and a receptor. As such, it was important for Shakespeare to develop a style that was unique to him as, through his writing, he expressed himself: his voice was an extension of his thoughts, feelings and emotions. Through using a combination of technique and language, Shakespeare’s voice conveys his opinions, likes, and interests to set up the mood.In fact, the place cannot be found because it is a myth. Thus, voice become unique in bringing the reader to notice outside information that interests the author. Another interesting concept that is presented through the voice of Twelfth Night is the social classicism turn around and move to talking about Shakespeare’s voice of who he is.. In Twelfth Night, the characters fail to adhere to social expectations: â€Å" how community diagnoses madness when a person f ails to perform his known identity†¦ member of a particular class as well†(Schiffer 234). Rise of people who will form the bourgeoisie class matter due to crumbling of aristocrats.            The play contains a trick on a set of individuals who think they are exercising power and control. Malvolio, a mere butler, perceives himself to be superior to Toby, an alcoholic aristocrat and Maria, a servant. Toby, though an aristocrat, does not exhibit much power initially, but in the end does have most of the power. Toby and Maria’s letters ultimately drive Malvolio out of control. This demonstrates the modernist revolution in the arts during the late Renaissance in the service of the avant-garde. And possibly reflect Shakespeare’s stance in studies was open to movements such as structuralism and feminism.            In addition to the literal elements of Shakespeare’s voice that are described in the lines of Act 2 Scene 2, there are also figurative aspects that set his work apart from that of other playwrights and authors. According to Christine Ashby, a language researcher, the production of voice and its use as a tool are separate from the thinking of the individual. Figurative voice represents the voice of the person expressed through their idea, concept or logic. Twelfth Night is a play about the â€Å"dramatization of currently fashionable issues such as gender and sexuality†(Elam 2). This adheres to the famous recurring plot that is typical of Shakespeare’s plays as expressed through the idea of a love triangle, star-crossed lovers, where women is deemed to be powerless when it comes to love. For example, Act 2 Scene 2, Viola expresses how women are subjects to love for men. This derives from a larger social commentary outs ide of the play. Conclusion            Through assessing the work of Shakespeare, voice can be both literal and figurative. It reflects the author’s thoughts, desires and provides insights into what the author would like the audience to think, or how he or she would like them to receive the play. Shakespeare’s voice is reflected in his unique style and techniques. The aspects of his work that sets him apart from others work in combination to give his work his voice. Examining Shakespeare’s work has refined definition of voice as an accurate literal sound of the writer, distinct figurative role, a unique commentary. References Ashby, Christine. â€Å"Whose â€Å"Voice†Is It Anyway?: Giving Voice and Qualitative Research Involving Individuals That Type to Communicate.†Disability Studies Quarterly. Syracuse University, 2011. Web. 06 Dec. 2014. . â€Å"Glossary of Literary Terms.†HUNTER COLLEGE READING/WRITING CENTER WRITING FOR ENGLISH COURSES. Ed. Anna C. Rockowitz. Hunter College Reading/Writing Center, 1998. Web. 5 Dec. 2014. . Hudson, Henry N., Rev. Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night; Or, What You Will. Boston: Ginn, 1895. Print. Schiffer, James. Twelfth Night: New Critical Essays. Abingdon, OX: Routledge, 2011. Print. Shakespeare, William, and Elizabeth Story Donno. Twelfth Night, Or, What You Will. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1985. Print. Shakespeare, William, and Keir Elam. Twelfth Night, Or, What You Will. London: Arden Shakespeare, 2008. Print. Shakespeare, William. Twelfth Night; Or, What You Will. New Haven: Yale UP, 1954. Print. Shakespeare, William. Twelfth Night, by William Shakespeare. London: J. M. Dent, 1935. Print. The New Temple Shakespeare. She’s the Man. Dir. Andy Fickman. Prod. Lauren Shuler-Donner and Ewan Leslie. By Ewan Leslie. Perf. Amanda Bynes, Channing Tatum, and Laura Ramsey. DreamWorks Distribution LLC, 2006. â€Å"Voice.†Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 07 Dec. 2014. . Source document
Sunday, September 29, 2019
We are the Champions
For as long as I can remember, I have loved and played organized basketball. The culmination of this adoration and dedication came during my senior year of high school when we won the state championship. I spent most of my childhood and adolescent years watching, practicing and playing this game. I played through all kinds of injuries and illnesses. I played with all kinds of organizations and teams. Now, I was the captain of the team of all teams: State Champions.I'd reached the manacle of my basketball career. If we are looking at this significant event through the behavioral perspective of psychology, we see the ways in which it applies. The behavioral perspective allows us to look at the obvious observable and measurable behaviors as opposed to the internal and mental ones. It focuses on how behaviors are learned and reinforced. Practice was the driving behavior that allowed our team to succeed. Our coaches required us to practice the same plays over and over again. We practiced shooting drills over and over again.These things were reiterated until hey became second nature, and then we practiced them some more. Our philosophy was that we did not practice until we got it right, but we practiced until we could not get it wrong. Also, part of our preparation included watching videos of our opponents. This allowed us to learn their behaviors and tendencies in order to devise a plan to counteract them (Baron & Kessler, 2008). During the game of basketball, the cognitive perspective plays an important role. This perspective is concerned with the mental function: how things are perceived, remembered, reasoned, decided, or problem solved.Before the game starts, a strategy is developed for the offensive and defensive side of the court. It has to be remembered by every member of the team along with all of the plays and signals to help the team function as one cohesive unit. We are also tasked with making split second decisions throughout the game in order to navigate the opponent's defensive scheme (McLeod, 2007). Through this entire process, I learned that hard work would lead to great rewards. One of the ways this happened was through classical conditioning learning.This type of learning involves â€Å"placing a neutral signal before a naturally occurring reflex†(Baron & Kessler, 2008, p. 161). In order to build our stamina to run up and down the court for a complete game, our coaches used a whistle. When the whistle was blown, we were required to run suicide drills. At the sound of a double whistle, we were required to stop running. The blowing of the whistle is an unconditioned stimulus and the act of running is an unconditioned response. Operating learning came in the form of positive reinforcements and punishments.We were praised and received gifts for working hard in practice, for performing drills ND tasks flawlessly, and for meeting seasonal milestones. Our punishments came in the form of performing push-ups or having an extra early morning practice when we did not do what was expected. In addition, some of my basketball skills were acquired through observational learning. I watched Just as much basketball on television as I played. I took some of the things that I saw my favorite college and professional basketball players performed and worked to mimic them (Baron & Kessler, 2008).This entire senior basketball season was very memorable. It was like ale with a story book ending. However, some of the details of that season was lost. This is because of retroactive interference. We played 23 games that year, and each game added a new memory. Because of the similarities in games, the details get clouded with the addition off new one. The championship game was different. That game is an autobiographical memory as it was a reward for what I had worked so long to achieve. This was the most important thing that Vive done up until that point.
Saturday, September 28, 2019
Fiction Paper - The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essay
Fiction Paper - The Yellow Wallpaper By Charlotte Perkins Gilman - Essay Example At the end of the story, the woman is seen creeping around the walls of the room, after having torn away the wallpaper as high as she can reach, seeking a way of entering their world or releasing them from the walls where they used to hide. While the story is not necessarily intended to be understood as a ghost story, instead addressing the very real mental conditions that can be and were forced upon women in particular as a result of their constraints within society, it can be understood from a supernatural perspective. Reading this story from a realist perspective, the woman slowly loses her sanity as a result of her inability to conform to societal norms. At every stage of her illness, it can be seen that the husband has little understanding of how she feels and little regard for her own input regarding what might help her. He looks at the world from a very scientific perspective and is incapable of moving beyond the hard facts to consider his wife’s emotional needs. The couple takes up residence in an upper room of the house, thought to have once been a nursery, with bars on the windows and old faded yellow wallpaper attached to the walls. This wallpaper plays a large role in the progression of the woman’s illness as she begins to see women creeping around inside it, trying to escape the oppression they, too, have experienced. In the end, the woman is completely insane, creeping around the walls herself after peeling the wallpaper off as high as she can reach, even creeping over he r husband, who has fainted against the wall, in order to continue her progress unimpeded. Although she realizes there is something wrong with her, she writes that the men of her world, her husband and her brother who are both physicians, do not agree that she is sick, describing her condition as being a â€Å"temporary nervous depression – a slight hysterical tendency†(Gilman, 1899).
Friday, September 27, 2019
THe Irish Famine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words
THe Irish Famine - Essay Example nineteenth century were severely underdeveloped†which â€Å"had crucial implications for the working of the economy.†1 However, it cannot be denied that the effects of the potato failure had long-reaching and detrimental effects upon the population at large. There were many reasons why potatoes emerged as the primary crop for Irish farmers to subsist upon. Potatoes are nutritious, easily grown and stored which made it the perfect food for the times and circumstances. The production of potatoes as a means of feeding the family, while all other crops and manufactured goods were used for outside trade or to further enrich the land for planting, enabled society to flourish in the first part of the century. However, when potatoes became suddenly unavailable, the hardships and deaths that followed were of catastrophic proportion. There have been a wide variety of theories as to why this happened, including the contention that the decline would have occurred regardless of what might have happened with the potato crops, but careful analysis has continued to demonstrate that the failure of the potatoes created a significant shift in the direction of Ireland that continues into the present day. This sad event in history has led people to question why it happened, the effectiveness of governmental remedies and how a similar event can be prevented in the future. The human suffering that resulted from the ‘Irish Potato Famine’ of 1846 to 1850 occurred predominantly due to the peasant class of Irish being reliant solely on one crop, the potato, for sustenance. Prior to the 1800’s, the Irish grew several different types of crops, many of which would have been able to meet the humanitarian need that would arise in the failure of potatoes. These included barley, rye, oats and vegetables.2 However, British law, concerned with protecting British interests, introduced the protectionist legislation referred to as the Corn Law. This law, and subsequent laws
Thursday, September 26, 2019
Article Critique about information system Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Critique about information system - Article Example For a business entity to be successful, there are many elements that come into play. They range from political, economic, social and technological factors. LPL Financial is mostly concentrating on the latter while it has entirely neglected the other equally important elements that are classified as the macro environment. This is the wrong approach that it adopted. First of all, the company has too many advisers. 13500 advisers is a huge number for one business no matter how big it may be. The argument that may be brought forth is that the more advisers for a company the more it is likely to achieve its goals, because with many experts nothing can go wrong. However, what this business does not know is that a huge chunk of their revenue is used in servicing the salaries of these professionals. Expert advice does not come cheap and for a company that is in the process of expansion, this is a very bad move. Secondly, the company is also relying on 700 institutions’ opinions before it can make a decision. This is a clear contradiction because the business claims to be a leader in discovering new trends. Successful businesses do not rely on others, others rely on them. The business should concentrate on coming up with new inventions and the 700 institutions that it relies on will start relying on it. Being a slave for other institutions will result to bullying. Take for instance, several institutions decide to change from one line of product to another. LPL Financial will respond by restructuring its business to suit these institutions, but this is an expensive venture and may take a long time to recover the finances used. Lastly, the business has designated too much power to the employees. Allowing workers to come up with different inventions and thrive is not a bad thing, is it? The problem is the management does not come into the picture. What is their role in all these? Do they even have work? Allowing different
Wednesday, September 25, 2019
UEFA Control on Football Club Transfer Fees Research Paper
UEFA Control on Football Club Transfer Fees - Research Paper Example The financially well off clubs would spend lots of money to sign world class players and offer them fat pay checks (Conn 2010, p.32). Regulating how clubs spend their money in buying and paying players can only be done through wage caps. A wage cap defines an agreement that puts a lid on the amount of money that any sporting organization or club can use on paying players. A wage cap could either be per player limit or an entire team limit, or both. UEFA s response to this was to formulate the UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulation in 2009. This process got undertaken by the Financial Control Panel wing of the governing entity (Conn 2010, p.32). Over the last decade, football clubs in Europe have picked up reckless spendthrift tendencies while utterly casting a blind eye to the financial logic by spending lots of cash for overnight success. This school of thought from the football club board members, to extend enormous transfer kitties to club managers thereby allowing them to offer exto rtionist transfer fees and wages, has led to many clubs getting into debt. ...Without these regulations, more teams are likely to overspend in pursuit of short term winning, rather than giving priority to long term stability. This common business practice of poor risk benefits analysis risks the fortunes of the club and weakens the reputation of the whole league. With teams frequently switching markets or regularly going bankrupt, negative precedence of instability may cloud the sport. This leads to loss of interest of fans, who may opt to switch their allegiance to a stable team. Football clubs should embrace realism and stop spending money which they did not make. This will enable football clubs grow and ensure that the glory of the beautiful game as we know does not get lost. UEFA should impose spending cap laws, and spell out harsh penalties to the football clubs that do not abide by these laws. Some of the harsh penalties proposed by football experts include transfer bans, fine s, withholding of prize money, and expulsion from the UEFA Champions League and UEFA cup (Rose 2012, p.9). These sentiments got echoed by UEFA president who stated that more than half the football clubs in Europe keep losing money. He explained that capping the spending of cubs is in the best interest of the club. Shocking research by UEFA has shown drastic increase in the losses accrued by European football clubs. Reports show that losses in 2010 peaked at â‚ ¬1.6 billion, with over 65% of the club leagues in Europe recording massive losses. This has been the case despite the fact that revenues of professional European football clubs have increased by an average of 9.1% annually, over the past six years.
Tuesday, September 24, 2019
The Innocents of Jack Clayton Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
The Innocents of Jack Clayton - Movie Review Example Mrs. Giddens’s need for affirmation lead her to escape for her native town and obtain a new job based on lies.  At the beginning of the story, the audience becomes aware that Mrs. Giddens wants to escape from her everyday reality. She seems to be unhappy in her native small town as she applies for a job that is far away from her home. The new job in a large house in the countryside opens up the opportunity to start a new life as a governess.  Furthermore, during her first job interview, she tries to convince her possible employer that she can do and be whatever she needs to do in order to be hired. She states: â€Å"But above anything else, I love the children†(The Innocents). Mrs. Giddens appears to be a typical, traditional woman.  She wants to receive approval and she has an obvious need to be accepted. Her wish to work with children can be interpreted as a normal motherly instinct, but it also could be interpreted as something more sinister: Mrs. G iddens needs to be in control and the audience could notice that she does have a low level of self-esteem. Mrs. Giddens realizes that the need to hire a new governess is an emergency and so she takes advantage of that situation. She pretends to be a good person in whom the uncle of the two orphan children can trust. The director portrays Mrs. Giddens as a rather pretty, normal person who will do whatever needs to be done to make the children happy.  At first, it is not obvious that there may be some hidden intentions behind the pleasant exterior of Mrs. Giddens.  When she mentions that her goal or priority is making the children happy rather than to give them a good education this shows that she is not logical and objective. Mrs. Giddens does not have a clear idea that the role of a governess is to educate the children and make them into productive individuals. She takes advantage of the situation showing herself as a compassionate person who wants the children to be happy. This suits the uncle, who is not very interested in the welfare of the two children. He just wants to enjoy himself without any worries. Both of the adults betray the children by neglecting their real needs.
Monday, September 23, 2019
9Live strategic analysis - general environment Essay
9Live strategic analysis - general environment - Essay Example Being one of the leading innovators in the realm of interactive T.V, 9Live seems to targeting every person. Since it is primarily a quiz TV channel and can be accessed through internet therefore its demographic study includes most of those viewers who are either fond of using technology or having some tendencies to gamble. Besides, the concept was of an interactive T.V. running without advertisement revenues therefore there was an strong tendency that channel must lure people from all walks of life to constantly call in during all time of the day so that a constant flow of revenue is insured. Since It was largely believed that solving crossword puzzles, or answering quiz shows was the job of those who probably are of old age or unemployed therefore demographical factors present a different challenge to 9Live. Germany is by far the largest economy in Europe. 9Live emerged on the scene when German market was not developed for the concept of interactive T.V. however emergence of shopping channel like of H.O.T. was suggesting a change in the industry dynamics. Germany is one of the most critical and important members of the European Union as for as the economy is considered. Government deficits in budgets were virtually not existening however Germany was marred by low GDP growth i.e. 0.7% in 2001 when the channel was launched whereas unemployment level was at 9.5% suggesting strong downturns in the economy. (Ewing). Clearly, the downward turn in the business cycle is hitting Germany hard. But this is more than just a cyclical bout of bad news. It was largely believed that the economic efforts at that time were stalled as Germanys 3.9 million unemployed was heading no way. Apart from that the period of 9Live launch was marred mainly by recession in the economy of Germany and due to widening u nemployment gaps, the probability of attracting the paid callers seems to be low no matter how cheap it can be. Though German media
Sunday, September 22, 2019
Who deserves what kind of education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words
Who deserves what kind of education - Essay Example These inequivalences have never been explained to this day. Sato and Lensmire (2009) state that underprivileged (poverty-stricken) children are usually stereotyped as inferior students in that their conditions may hinder their learning and they are termed as less-worthy learners. This should not be the case and that is why teachers are today being trained to cater for children of all social classes. The strategies applied include treating all learners as equal, bridging school and home experiences, and connecting between lived sociocultural realities and academic abstractions. Collectively, the idea here is to provide the best (and normal) education to everyone regardless of their social class. Jean Anyon conducted a research on students in five elementary schools to tell whether there was a relationship between social class and the type and level of literacy attained at school. Five elementary schools were evaluated, each set in contrasting social class communities. According to the findings, it was revealed that depending on a school’s social class, the children differed with regards to their symbolic and physical capital, the process of work, and finally, authority (Anyon, 1981). This revelation, therefore suggested the need to maintain uniformity in education (literacy) settings to prevent this bias. Finally, education has been defined by many scholars as a â€Å"banking†process in that learners are taught through narration. This means that they ingest whatever the teacher (banker) provides them without any thinking process involved. According to Freire (1970), such education minimizes the learner’s creative and problem-solving power. In its place, Freire recommends problem-posing education which is more engaging in that the learner is taught how to solve a problem but they are not filled with the solutions. Concisely, this type of education is better at unveiling or
Saturday, September 21, 2019
Pestel Framework Essay Example for Free
Pestel Framework Essay The political environment (Refer Section 1 in Appendix 01) does not favour Fonterra’s operating environment with heavy control over milk powder pricing. Political figureheads at times lead the public to perceive that multinational dairies are working towards destroying the local dairy industry. With the ending of a 26-year old war within the country there is stability in the political environment which in normal cases encourages foreign investment. However the government’s policies and tight regulations towards foreign investment and trade, creates an unfavourable environment for operating multinationals like Fonterra. Noted. In the economic front (Refer section 2 in Appendix01), with base commodity prices being reliant on global trends and heavy fluctuations on exchange rates, budgeting for the purchase of full cream and skim milk from New Zealand proves difficult with currency fluctuations most often surpassing budgeted variances. Subsidies by the government to selected local dairy companies also give unfavourable advantage to them over Fonterra. Socially, similar to world trends, the aging population in the country has opened up new opportunity for Fonterra to move in with its Anlene product, coincidentally at a time when mature markets like full cream milk come under heavy smear campaigns with global issues such as the melamine scare in China. Such incidents create negative perception on all powdered milk products that not only impact short term sales figures but also tarnish the brand loyalty Fonterra has established throughout the years (refer section 3 of Appendix01). When we analyse technological trends and their implications on Fonterra (Refer section 4 in Appendix01), many technological improvements ranging from foraging, nutrition, and flavouring to packaging, has influenced Fonterra to create its own biotechnology subsidiary called ViaLactia Biosciences, working on identifying, discovering and commercialising genes that affect pasture grasses, milk production and milk composition. One such discovery was the response to bone decay known as Osteoporosis that most ging populations of the world are facing. By combining bone strengthening nutrients like Calcium, Zinc, Protein and Magnesium, Fonterra was able to create the brand Anlene. Environmental influences on Fonterra’s strategy are discussed in detail in section 5 of Appendix01. Government sponsored environmental schemes both globally and locally such as deployment of Emission Trading Schemes (ETS) and application of Afforestation Grants Scheme (AGS) increases Fonterra operational costs by having to monitor their greenhouse emissions. Fonterra has to include many green initiatives in to their strategy ranging from simple measures such as waste water treatment to more far-reaching methods like emission trading schemes to forestry provisioning. In addition the trend to move towards more renewable energy globally would drive the energy costs higher for Fonterra. On legislative front (Refer section 6 in Appendix01), Fonterra plans and operates under strict legislative framework governed by many authorities both globally and locally as content claims on dairy product are heavily scrutinised. Furthermore, products such as Anchor 1+ that cater to infant nutrition require additional measures due to their sensitive nature throughout their lifecycle from production to transportation. Any mishap on the part of a multinational such as Fonterra can lead to a product recall. Therefore additional operational costs have to be borne in maintaining hygiene in areas such as production, packaging, storage and transportation. Refer Appendix01 for a detailed analysis on current industry trends and implications to Fonterra. An extremely good analysis.
Friday, September 20, 2019
business plan on a creative international school
business plan on a creative international school In Bangladesh, Providing education to children and teenagers through English medium school is a service oriented business that has been practiced so far by private and non-government organizations. This feasibility study deals with the possibilities and requirements of setting up an English medium school in Dhaka city (Dhanmondi area). In todays world like Food, Cloth and Shelter, Education has become one of the basic needs, on the other hand providing education in a systematic and accurate manner still remain a great challenge. In Dhaka along with the government schools there are so many private schools, especially private English medium schools that are providing education to the children and teenagers. Signboards, banner, leaflets, and advertisements of such schools can be seen in everyday newspaper or at any street or area of Dhaka. But most of these schools hardly meet the expectation of the parents and are hardly able to educate in a systematic way using English language as the medium of exchange. Keeping these facts in mind, considering a project to setup a quality private English medium school in Dhaka is very rational. The name of my English medium school is Creative International School and it will locate at house no-32, Road no-3, Dhanmondi , Dhaka- 1205. It will satisfy the consumer need by providing education to 4 to 18 year old children and teenagers, using up to date and high quality learning methods adopted from deputed schools in United Kingdom. In addition it will become the best English medium school in Bangladesh within 2012 in the following areas:- Teaching method Teachers quality Student development Student quality Student intake Learning environment Teaching environment Working environment This project aims to establish CIS to attain these objectives for achieving features of high standards. The promoter: The promoter of the proposed CIS has sufficient experience and knowledge in the concerned field. The brief profile are given below- Name Age Contact address Phone number Kaniz Fatema 24 Flat 2, Delafield House, Christian Street, London +447574560200 Md. Farid Alam 25 Flat 40, Langdon House IDA Street, London +44740-4499400 M. Razibul hassan 26 House no 29 Road no 2 Dhanmondi, Dhaka +88029110210 +8801711389697 Mohammed Hafezul Islam 25 House no 27 Road no 2 Dhanmondi, Dhaka +88029110210 +8801711519729 The proposed school will have the legal form of a private limited company. The four promoters will be the four partners of the business. The partnership deed and agreements are already signed by the four promoters in accordance with the existence law of partnership in Bangladesh. The ability of the promoters to establish such school reflects their capabilities in several aspects. Economics of one unit: Since our main goal is to provide better education by forming Creative International School (CIS), we will not get profit. We are four founder just take 10000 as our salary, and rest of the profit will be distributed to fundamental development. If any one want to get away he can, but he will not get any profit. We are going to form a private English medium school, which name is Creative International School (CIS). Our main competitive advantages are to provide better education than other existence English medium school. Our per unit means per class students that means how much money will save from one class students in a month. Creative International School Economics of one unit Accounts name Unit cost S Revenue 1200 Less: Variable cost 123.1528 Contribution margin 1076.847 Less: Fixed cost 871.7593 Net profit 205.088 Evaluating our business idea: Our education, current organization position, and our experiences are listed below by a table- Name Education Current organization and position Previous experience Kaniz Fatema Sharmin (International relationship UK) Managing Director, Teleno CO. Ltd Assistant country manager, Save the children (UK), Dhaka Md. Farid Alam ( Economics USA ) Directoe Teleno co. Ltd Assistant Professor, London School, UK Mohammed Hafezul Islam ( Finance DU ) Head of Finance BEXIMCO Dhaka Associate Director, Finance, Oxford international school, Dhaka Md. Farid Alam ( IT UK ) Assistance principal, Oxford international school Teacher, Green Leaf School UK SWOT analysis of Creative international school are given below- Strength: High qualified teacher Teachers quality Good learning environment Teaching environment Working environment AC system class room Weaknesses: High risk Teachers politics Complex management Opportunity: Lack of English medium school High qualified governing body A source of social work Threat: Changing government rule Competition Lack of management Business Goal: The short term goal of this report is to primarily apply the determined plan of set up an English medium school. We have mentioned earlier that our main goal is to provide better education. The long term purpose of this report is to have a clear understanding of the activities and requirements of setting up an English medium school in Dhaka. There have been many English medium schools operating in our country for the last ten years. This is a service oriented business, and there not been many formal feasibility studies on how to establish this business. This study mainly focuses on management, marketing, technical, and social economic aspect of the project. Core Beliefs: Three core beliefs are described below- Low cost: Low cost is our main belief that we will provide better education with lower cost rather than other competitors. We are going to take only 1000Tk per month as tuition fees. Every body think that English medium school is only for rich family members because of high cost, however; we are going to omit this concept from general people. Creative international school is for all kind of people in our society. High qualified teacher: We think that our teacher will be highly qualified because we believe that a good teacher can give best effort according to students need. As a result, when we select any teacher, we try to nominate English proficient person. English environment: We believe that English environment is one of complex component duo to learn English language, in addition; we will hopeful that we will be successful to create an English environment which will be benefited for students. Supply and Demand: There are some factors that can influence on demand of our Creative international school. Those factors are discussed below- Tuition fees: tuition fees are one of an important factor that can influence on demand. We know that if price increase demand of something decreases that is why we have determined less tuition fees due to attract general people to admit there their child in our school. Quality: Quality is a curtail factor for determining demand of our educational service. Every body want cheap rate but they do not avoid quality. If quality become low, demand will also be low, as a result; we always try to sustain quality. Availability of other institutions: Demand also depends on availability of other English medium school. If number of English medium There are also some factors that can influence on supply of our service. Since our business is providing service, that is why; it only depend on our quality service. If we provide well praised education , our schools popularity will obviously increase. Strategy: Since Creative international school is a English medium school, so it should create a English environment. CIS will follow fully British education system, this is our main strategy. Tactics: To carry out the strategy, we are going to follow some ways. These are mentioned below- 2.1. Low cost: Low cost is our main competitive advantage that we will provide better education with lower cost rather than other competitors. We are going to take only 1000Tk per month as tuition fees. Every body think that English medium school is only for rich family members because of high cost, however; we are going to omit this concept from general people. Creative international school is for all kind of people in our society. 2.2. Quality of education: This is our second competitive advantage; we know that every thing depend on quality. If our teaching quality is good, we will get more popularity. 2.3. High qualified teacher: This is our competitive advantage; we think that our teacher will be highly qualified because we believe that a good teacher can give best effort according to students need. As a result, when we select any teacher, we try to nominate English proficient person. 2.4. Location: Location is one of big factors behind the successfulness of a business. Creative international school is situated in the center of our target market. We think that each and every student will get the benefit from it. Communication system of Dhanmondi is very good, that is why student can come to school easily Mission Statement: Creative International School is going to provide high quality education by highly qualified teacher with lower cost, which is going to follow British education system. We are mainly focusing on those families who have at least 20,000Tk income monthly. Consumer analysis: In order to learn who our potential customer is, where we can reach them, what they want and need. We can do four types of market research, but we are mainly focusing on statistical research. To understand the number of student intake, in other words for market analysis, for the first year of operation of the school, the following data in the given table have been consulted. Literacy Rate for Person Aged 5 Years And Above By Sex, 20002-20006 Year Both sex Male Female 2005 53.89 45.93 60.10 2009 65.58 61.95 60.08 Sources: Official website of Bangladesh bureau of statistics (BBS) www.bbsgov.org So in Dhaka, from 2005-2009, literacy rate of children aging from 5years to 14 years had been increased by 16%. However in Dhaka adult literacy rate, population aged 15 years and above, shows a significant increase from 2005 to 2009. In 2009 this figure for Dhaka was highest among all other District of Bangladesh. Adult literacy rate of population aged from 15 years and above in Dhaka by sex. Year Both sex Male Female 2005 37.8 2009 58.67 65.94 48.70 Sources: Official website of Bangladesh bureau of statistics (BBS) www.bbsgov.org so from the above table it can be seen that adult literacy rate in Dhaka increased by 20.87% in five years from 2005-2009 if similar trend continues for Dhaka also will create the ground for rapid increases of demand for education institutions or school. This assumption of increasing demand can also be supported for the increase in number of schools attending schools in Dhaka. From these trends it can be assumed and projected that in Dhaka demand for an English medium school will be higher than any other districts in Bangladesh. On the basis of such analysis the marketing strategies of Creative International School have been established. Target Consumer: CIS will be situated in Dhanmondi, Dhaka, initially its target is to higher, higher middle, and middle class families students from 4 -12 years. Though the schools aims are to intake students from all class in Dhaka, initially it will intake students from the following locations:- Dhanmondi Lalmatia Mohammadpur Shamoli Shutrabad Azimpur Zigatola Rayer Bazar Thus the above areas will be considered as the primary target market, we have also segmented our market on the basis of age, Gender, Income. These are described below- Age: We have mentioned earlier that our student will be aged at 4 years to 12 years. Gender: Creative International School is a coeducational school; so we are concerning on both male and female. Income: Creative International is for all class families. We are focusing on those families who have at least twenty thousand taka income. Market Analysis: I have mentioned earlier about our primary target market which is going to start from Dhanmondi, Azimpur, Zigatola, and Rayer Bazar. We have segmented our target market by geographically and demographically. Primarily we are not going to target whole Dhaka city, just we are going to mentioned area. Later we will target whole Dhaka city. At the age of four to twelve students are my target markets. How many students have in my targeted area at the age of 4-12 are given below- S. Number Locality Number of students 1 Dhanmondi 7450 2 Lalmatia 4960 3 Mohammadpur 5890 4 Shamoli 6700 5 Azimpur 6003 6 Zigatola 5020 7 Rayer Bazar 6720 8 Sukrabad 5620 Total 48363 We have approximated that there are fourth eight thousand three hundred and sixty three in our approximated targeted area. We have determined that if we get ten percent of the total student, we will be primarily able to start our operating activities. At this stage, our primary target is those families who have at least 20000Tk income. For first year, our target is only ten percent of the total student, but beginning two months if we get only five percent of the total student that is enough. We know English medium school is in the growing stage of the product life cycle because we have followed that only a few English medium schools are situated in Dhaka city. Now some of English medium school is growing up. That is why we can show our service in the growth stage. The Marketing Mix: We have mentioned earlier that Creative International School is a service related business. To provide quality education to its targeted age group, the proposed CIS will include the following specification with its core service delivery process- The language or medium of teaching will be English. Also Bengali language, grammar and literature will be included in the syllabus of all class students. The teaching method for the students of Play group Nursery will be kindergarten style. The method will be updated when necessary to comply with the changes. The teaching method for the students of Play group to Standard five will follow the teaching methods practiced in the United States. The courses and textbooks will be chosen to comply with the teaching methods mentioned above. For courses like history, Geography, religious studies and economics etc. concentration will be given on Bangladesh perspectives. students will be informed and taught properly about all major national, religious and / or any other major events/ festivals in Bangladesh so that the have greater understanding and knowledge about the culture and heritage of Bangladesh. Performance of all teachers and all other employees will be measured with 360 degree appraisal system which will ensure high standards. The school campus will be kept clean, free of hazardous elements and elements and free from smoking. Spacious and proper ventilation, temperature and heating will be ensured. The school will be operated incompliance with all laws of Bangladesh. The service specifications will be updated according to the need and demand of the future whenever is necessary. English medium school is a growing concept in Bangladesh. So it is a relatively easy to identify its use. Pricing strategy: During the first year, we will follow the cost-plus strategy where we are going to add cost and the minimum profit. Since it is a service organization, our main goal is to providing better service no earning profit. That is why we have selected only the cost plus pricing strategy. Promotion Plan: The initial promotion plan for CIS will be targeted towards creating awareness among its target audiences. The following plan will be implemented for this purpose: Advertising media: Newspaper, poster, leaflets, banners. Public relation and publicity: News conference, Parents and children seminar, launching ceremony. Special discount: a special discount will be given to students, if you get admitted within 6 months from the starting months. Sales Commission: Any person including the staffs and teachers of the school who will provide 5 students in any class at a time will receive a sales commission. These promotional plans will be carried in accordance with the overall marketing plan of the promoters. Promoters Marketing Plan: Initially we will set the following plans to market CIS as a unique English medium school:- Positioning CIS as a school that follows most modern concepts of teaching and learning in every advertisement and public relation activity. Giving the CIS and its logo a brand image through advertisement and public relation activities. Distributing leaflets, fliers, among families of the target groups living in the surrounding geographical area for six months and once in every month for the second to sixth months. Using attractive banners and posters in the same geographical areas in places where they will be most visible by the target group. Arrange seminar regarding to English medium school in Dhaka. The seminar will be for parents and the children of the target customer areas. It will take place 7 days before the inaugural program of the school. Selected students, whose performance will be below expectations, will be rewarded if they can enhance their performance within a year. Everyday at school hours either the principal or vice principal will be available for the students and parents counseling regarding any issue. The counselors will also act as customer service persons and will listen to any complaints from students and parents act upon it. The marketing plans by the promoters are chiefly focused on building awareness among target customers and achieving long term relationship with them. The awareness building activities will continue hand to hand with the promotional activities to initiate positive actions from the target audience. Break even analysis: Break even point= Fixed cost/Unit contribution margin =627667/1077 =582 Students If Creative International school teaches 583 students per moths, it will get to on break even point. Break even point analysis by Graph: Number of St V. Costs F. Costs Profit 50 $6,150 627666 10250 200 $24,600 627666 41000 300 $36,900 627666 61500 350 $43,050 627666 71750 500 $61,500 627666 102500 700 $86,100 627666 143500 800 $98,400 627666 164000 1000 $123,000 627666 205000 Sales and Customer Service: We are going to open a service business, where we will provide education service. Our competitive advantages are quality of education, low cost, high qualified teacher, and good environment for education. Three of this are described below:- 9.1. Low cost: Low cost is our main competitive advantage that we will provide better education with lower cost rather than other competitors. We are going to take only 1000Tk per month as tuition fees. Every body think that English medium school is only for rich family members because of high cost, however; we are going to omit this concept from general people. Creative international school is for all kind of people in our society. Quality of education: This is our second competitive advantage; we know that every thing depend on quality. If our teaching quality is good, we will get more popularity. High qualified teacher: This is our competitive advantage; we think that our teacher will be highly qualified because we believe that a good teacher can give best effort according to students need. As a result, when we select any teacher, we try to nominate English proficient person. Location: Location is one of big factors behind the successfulness of a business. Creative international school is situated in House no 29 Road no 2 Dhanmondi, Dhaka. We think that each and every student will get the benefit from it. Communication system of Dhanmondi is very good, that is why student can come to school easily. FINANCE Journal of first month: Income statement: Balance sheet: Creative International School
Thursday, September 19, 2019
Having to Write with Whipped Cream :: Food Writing Nature Writers Essays
Having to Write with Whipped Cream Our assignment was to write twenty words without using any kind of writing utensil that we would normally use such as pencils, markers, etc. When Professor Krause first gave this assignment I thought to myself â€Å"is he insane? How are we going to do this?†The more and more I thought about it ideas kept popping up in my head. I tried to think about all the readings we had done in class, hoping that they would kind of guide me in the proper direction for this paper. Some did while others completely through me off track. Throughout this paper I will explain my technology that I invented and describe what some of the authors we read in class showed me throughout their pieces of work. I finally came up with the idea of using whipped cream to write my words. I came about this because I work at a day care center with three and four year old children. One day we were playing with shaving cream as a sensory activity for them and I thought this would be really good for my project. Shaving cream is very easy to write with and you would be able to read the lettering for the words I decided to use. When I went to the grocery store to purchase my shaving cream, I thought about it a little more and decided to use Ready Whip, a refrigerated cream product used mainly for desserts, because it has a smaller tube that the cream comes out of, so it would be a little easier to write with. When it came to what I was going to put the whipped cream on, that became a little tricky, because I didn’t want put it on a t-shirt or something like that because you wouldn’t be able to read it. I was at my parents home for the weekend. In our backyard we have individual medium size bricks so I figured this would work because I’d be able to fit at least one word on each brick. I was able to do this successfully, except that my dog kept trying to lick the whipped cream off the ground! This project made me realize how I take pens and pencils for granted because if something ever happened and we didn’t have them I think most people would be extremely lost without them.
Wednesday, September 18, 2019
American Democracy Essay -- Government Politics US Essays Political Sc
American Democracy The American democracy is one of the most peaceful kinds of government in the world although it is a long way from utopia. The democracy in which we live has many strengths and weaknesses. Neither strengths or weaknesses out weigh one another, but it is necessary to have both due to the varying definitions. A democracy is a government that is run by the people. The politicians that we elect to run our government are human and they are susceptible to mistakes based on their own strengths and weaknesses. The strengths and weaknesses they possess are reflected into our government but at least â€Å"we the people†elect them and they are not chosen for us. We live in a representative democracy that means â€Å"we the people†are given the right to elect those who represent our beliefs and values. The political campaigns of the politicians allows us the freedom of who to elect by selling us their views on how they feel our government should function. Many of the campaigns seem to dispute the candidate running against the other(s) but it normally ties into what they believe is wrong. Sometimes a candidate's campaign will run according to one of the candidates mistakes that they have made in office or in life. The candidate may then promise they would never make a mistake of that sort. The campaigns now days tend to be more on the negative side but negativity sells in this country. While positive campaigns reflect more on the positive goals of the campaignee it ...
Tuesday, September 17, 2019
Australian company Law
Due to the nature of the transitory issues that have been faced by the workers from their shift from Casino Limited to caterers Limited, a solution regarding their salary and remuneration can only be solved through the application of the company law.Australian corporate and company constitute a divergent legislation due to the nature of the commercial activities in Australia. Perhaps, the amendment of the commonwealth workplace Act in Australia has led to diversified laws regarding the employer and his employee. Due to these amendments, employees are therefore faced with different legal requirement in regard to their work.The company law is responsible for the regulation of the corporate governance and the general administration of the company. Within the corporation are different stakeholders who are responsible in performing different duties.This groups work together cordially and in harmony with another to ensure the smooth running of the corporation. In the corpor ation, different parties should perform different duties. In their performance of the duties, these parties are guided by different rights which ensure no conflict within the company. (Ferran, 1999)Among the parties to the company are the employees. Like other employees in a company the employees of the Casino Limited whom have been divided with some becoming subordinate employees of the caterers limited, are entitled to specific rights in their recognition of them as been workers in the company. To them they are entitled to good working environment and a remuneration which best improves their lives as workers.To the case between these employees and the Casino Limited, the employees had entered in to a contractual relationship with the management of the company in regard to their ruminations. In this contract, they were to be paid wages and salaries that were to be in excess of other workers in similar resorts in Australia.This comes only to an agreement after a long dispute in relation to it with its employees. However, the same contract is breached by the management after it expands to form another subsidiary company which is however wholly owned by the Casino Ltd. (Ferran, 1999)By statutes of the company law, any subsidiary company wholly owned by the mother company with all its profits diverted to the mother company is in itself regulated in the same manner as the other subsidiary.  Since caterers Ltd falls under this category, it has no other authority except to undertake its business in regard to the business law regulating the Casino ltd.In the company law, there are some basic concepts that denote whether two or more subsidiary companies should be operated under the same business law. Firstly, the nature of directorship, where a subsidiary company with directions appointed from the broader company. Company law states that, such a company is in a close regard to its mother company.Secondly, the nature of profit shares, in which, if subsidiary company pulls all its profit turnovers to the mother company, it implies equality in management and therefore should be guided by the same company laws as its mother company. Equality in operations; where the subsidiary company operates the same business undertaking as the other. Either, the nature of management, where two or more companies are under the same management, they are subject to same company law.Implied here is that, Casino and Caterers limited implied one and the same organization whose operations were to be as per the regulations of the same company law. The structure of the corporate governance in these two companies’ was the same. (Cheffins, 1997)
Monday, September 16, 2019
Modern Gadgets: A Boon or Bondage? Essay
Modern gadgets: really a boon for us? Brain-the biggest weapon, the mammoth power human has. Testimony of above statement is the present scenario. Just open the sea of imagination and imagine what old time was, now open your eyes and find yourself in this modern world. It is impossible to swallow this immense gap at one go, but if we ta Premium726 Words3 Pages Modern gadgets have made us slaves Since the beginning of civilization man has been making things for his use, like tools etc. As the civilization progressed, man’s effort also increased to make various gadgets. How ever, the speed of making various gadgets got increased The fastest in 20 century in European countries. The prese Premium1182 Words5 Pages see more:life without modern gadgets Modern gadgets Modern gadgets have made us complete slaves to machines. There is no work which cannot be done without the assistance of machines and there is not a single area of human activity where machines don’t have to be used. No one can deny the fact that gadgets have not only simplified our lives but also Premium389 Words2 Pages Modern gadgets: really a boon for us? Brain-the biggest weapon, the mammoth power human has. Testimony of above statement is the present scenario. Just open the sea of imagination and imagine what old time was, now open your eyes and find yourself in this modern world. It is impossible to swallow this immense gap at one go, but if we ta Premium346 Words2 Pages Modern gadgets There is no work which cannot be done without the assistance of machines and there is not a single area of human activity where machines don’t have to be used. No one can deny the fact that gadgets have not only simplified our lives but also made them more comfortable and luxurious. But on the con Premium404 Words2 Pages Man a slave to modern gadgets BlackBerry BlackBerry is a line of mobile e-mail and smartphone devices developed and designed by Canadian company Research In Motion (RIM) since 1999. BlackBerry devices are smartphones, designed to function as personal digital assistants, portable media players, internet browsers, gaming Premium646 Words3 Pages The church serving the ecumenical community through the use of information and communication technology and modern customer care principles. | The Church serving the ecumenical community through the use of information and communication technology and modern customer care principles | | by Clifford Stanley Ferguson MBA (Management) SRU (Recognition for Prior Learning); BTH (Theology) UNISA BCS (Computer Science) SRU (Recognition Premium89719 Words359 Pages Man – a slave of gadgets There was a time when man used to be self-dependent for all activities of his daily living. A pair of arms and legs used to be his assistants to perform his errands. But as the time passed by, brain-the biggest weapon, the mammoth power human has made possible the invention various easygoing gadgets Premium1206 Words5 Pages Morden gadgets The gadget is a device that is able to perform one or several functions. Gadgets often have funky designs but have useful functions as well. It is also being referred as gizmos. The history of gadgets can be traced back to the early 1800s. There is a wide variety of gadget including GPS system, USB Premium483 Words2 Pages The modern banking system (where does money come from?) The Modern Banking System (Where does money come from?) â€Å"If the debt which the banking companies owe be a blessing to anybody, it is to themselves alone, who are realizing a solid interest of eight or ten per cent on it. As to the public, these companies have banished all our gold and silver medi Premium5206 Words21 Pages Gadgets TABLE OF CONTENT |NO |TITLE |PAGE | | |Abstract | Premium2022 Words9 Pages Effect of electronic gadgets to students studying habits ELECTRONIC GADGET TO STUDENTS STUDYING HABITS Introduction In the year where electronic gadgets are not yet invented like computers, students are not yet engage in activities using technologies. Students rely on books and visit library facilities to study, read their notes and review their scho Premium838 Words4 Pages Elements in the modern world ELEMENTS IN THE MODERN WORLD This article is about the discovery of rare-earth elements and their important use in today’s modern world. These elements were first discovered in Ytterby, a village close to Stockholm. In 1787, Carl Arrhenius, a geologist, found a heavy black rock and decided to Premium564 Words3 Pages Effects of electronic gadgets to students studying habits Effects of electronic gadgets 1 EFFECTS OF ELECTRONIC GADGETS TO STUDENTS STUDYING HABITS Effects of electronic gadgets to students studying habits Jea Bianca L. Conge Pateros Catholic School Gadgets are destruction 2 Abstract Almost all of the students especially high schoo Premium1197 Words5 Pages Gadgets There is no longer any argument that the universally ubiquitous cell phone has become as indispensible to our daily lives as clothes and pizza. Indeed, the cellhas virtually acquired the dimensions of an extra limb, impossible to discard even if one wanted to. Isn’t technology wonderful? Well, not Premium1973 Words8 Pages Modern technology Modern Technology Improves People’s Lives We are living in a decade that alters every minute. People’s lives nowadays have changed so much because of the advance of modern technology on which people have a lot of different perspectives. Some people believe that modern technology has brought us Premium5456 Words22 Pages Gadgets Disadvantages of Ipad in Education Although the iPad has many advantages in the classroom, it also has disadvantages. The following disadvantages were noted by students and education professionals alike. * While Apple claims that it’s price tag of $499 to $799 is affordable and modest, to t Premium4332 Words18 Pages Changes in the working patters in the modern world Changes in the working patterns in the modern world In recent years, there have been tremendous changes in working patterns. The extensive use of modern technology due to increased availability and affordability of computers and fax machines has allowed for greater flexibility in people’s work Premium351 Words2 Pages Modern living has made the people weak Modern living has made people of India weak, unhealthy and disease prone†¦Modern living means adopting the western culture, smoking, drinking, eating pizzas and burgers, etc.Also working at night times in a BPO or a Call Centre is now a days modern living†¦..But this makes u obese and also mentall Premium2025 Words9 Pages Eu yan sang- marketing to modern asian consumer ational University of Singapore Business School Master of Business Administration Marketing Management (BMA 5009) Group Final Project: Marketing Eu Yan Sang to the Young, Modern Singapore Consumer 8 November 2010 TABLE OF CO TE TS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Sunday, September 15, 2019
Apush Frq Essay
1763 was the year that the forever changed the relationship between the American colonies and their mother country, Great Britain. This year was not only the year when the French and Indian War finally came to an end with the Treaty of Paris 1763, but was the also the beginning of the many changes that Britain imposed on the colonies. Following the war, Britain, in an attempt to tighten its control over the colonies, and raise money, pursued new mercantilist policies, leading to colonial resentment.The Proclamation of 1763 was issued in this year, and was the first of the long list of acts and grievances that the colonists had against Britain. 1763 was an important turning point in American history, because it was the point in which the results of the French and Indian war and underlying tensions caused the British to dramatically change their colonial policies. This sudden change in the British attitude, directly led the colonists to their first thoughts of rebellion, and was essent ially the cause of the eventual American Revolution.For a long time, even before the start of the French and Indian War, France and Britain had been in war. The series of conflicts, King William’s War, Queen Anne’s War, and King George’s war were all fought between France and Britain over land in America. In the French and Indian War, the main reason behind the conflict was also land-this time, specifically over the rich Ohio River Valley. The French initially laid claims to the Ohio River Valley, but the English were expanding into that area.Another important factor in this war, were the Native Americans of that area, who lived there and wanted to establish a presence as traders there. While most Native Americans sided the French, the most powerful native group, the Iroquois Confederacy allied with the British. The beginning of the war started when the VA government sent a militia under Geroge washingotn to challenge French expansion. Washington created Fort Ne cessity, and attacked the French Fort Duquesne, where he suffered an easy defeat.Following this, a conference of delegates met in Albany to negotiate a treaty wtith the Iroquois to help fight the war. Ben Franklin created the Albany Plan of Union which called for a colonial federation for defense against the Indians. But none of the colonies agreed to this, as it took away too much of their independence. Although there was no colonial support of the this plan, it was still an important precedent for the concept of uniting it the face of a common enemy. In this first phase of the war, there was very little British help.But with the shift into the second phase, Fernch and Indian War became an internation conflict (becoming the 7 Yrs War). In the third phase of the war, English started to be successful in their battles, and the war finally ended with the siege of Quebec, with the English as victors. With the Treaty of Paris 1763, France loses all of its land in America, and the Britain ’s territory nearly doubles. But although Britain gained much land, the debt of the war is staggering. Because of this huge amount of debt, Britain couldn’t continue to impose salutary neglect on the colonies.Salutary neglect was the policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, such as the Navigation Acts. 1763, was the year when Britain just couldn’t afford to continue salutary neglect. Following the war, Britain realized that there needed to be a major reorganization of the American empire. The British also wanted the colonists to pay for some of the war costs, in return for Britain protecting them during the war. Americans refused to pay it, and Britain therefore started to strictly impose the Navigation Acts.Because of the victory, American colonists start to feel confident, and less dependant on Great Britain. Therefore, since the British continued to keep troops on the American frontier, even when there was no need, colonists started to fee l very resentful. Britian was also angry at the colonists for their minimal contribution to the war effort. The colonists didn’t wholeheartedly support the far, and traded with the French during the war. All of these factors combined caused an intense amount of resentment between the colonists and the British.This is important, because the colonists are finally united in their resentment towards the British. Following the war, many English colonists started to settle westward onto the new lands that the Treaty of Paris of 1763 brought. But although the French threat was gone from this area, the Indians still remained. In this year of 1763, an Ottawa chief, Pontaic, organizes an alliance of several tribes to revolt against the English expansion. The Indians attack several fots, stage uprisings and kill many of the British and colonists. The British retaliate by spreading small-pox infested blankets to the Indians.In order to stop more of the Indian attacks, the government then issued the Proclamation fo 1763, which drew a line along the Appalachain mountains, and forbade the any settlement west of that line. Instead of viewing the Proclamation as a way to protect the colonists, they see it instead as a control issue. The colonists believe that the British are only trying to get them to stay near the Atalantic Seaboard to control them easier. So colonists ignore the Proclamation, and still expand beyond that line. This Proclamation caused an even greater push to rebellion.
Saturday, September 14, 2019
Traveling for Education
AbstractDue to the miserable situations of Lebanese students and their long years of suffering from the bad educating services and due to the absence of responsibility toward university students and the difficulty of finding jobs. The researcher in this paper shows the attention to this problem.TRAVELLING FOR EDUCATIONTraveling For Education It was become a fashion trend that more and more people choose to go abroad to study. Some people think it is great experience while on the country , some others think it is not good at all!Despite of the importance of studying abroad and the presence of scientist that have raised Lebanon's name abroad , there are still oppositions to the views of this idea that prefer to stay in Lebanon despite of all its problems that they suffer from . Students in Lebanon should study outside for many reasons. General atmosphere is not suitable to study in Lebanon on all levels. The lack of raw materials in Lebanon led to the weakness of electricity and this c ase does not fit college student who needs a convenient means for study and research.In addition to the electricity obstacle we notice the non-existence of laboratories, libraries and research centers, the state does not give an adequate attention to this deficiency, which leads for big effort toward the college student . For example , there is only one public library that opened new in Nabtieh †centre de lecture et d'animation culturelle †beside the red cross and it does not have the media support to be a know place to come to it. In addition to all problems that Lebanese students face we have an initial problem by students that is the lack of comfort in government universities , and when they resortTRAVELLING FOR EDUCATION to private universities that are more comfortable with all they need for studying they will be shocked by the high cost that they can't afford which lead them to depression , and we will not forget the non-support for the best students that gove rnment must appreciate and have a look for them. Going abroad to study means far more than learning. The book†Intercultural journeys from study to residence abroad †( Jackson , 1954) talk about this issue.This book focuses on the actual experiences of college students who travelled from their homes to foreign lands, the author explores the linkage between intercultural awareness and sensitivity , language development , and identity reconstruction in young adult college learners. Generally, the first thing you need to do is to survive in a foreign nation. Where to find a place to live? How to deal with transportation? How to cook food? All these are the things you have to think and depend on yourself. Students who study abroad have to take care of themselves, and these questions are used the Lebanese students who don't want to travel abroad.Without parents, you can learn how to arrange their own issues and do everything by yourself better. This is what we call ind ependent awareness. Studying abroad cultivate your independent awareness and capability of taking care yourself. It is TRAVELLING FOR EDUCATION always a tough time when living in a country that is totally new to you and facing all kinds problems. One you overcome them , you get the ability to live on your own. This is great, when the people of your age still enjoying their lives under the protection of their families, you begin to experience life.We take this factor as the most important advantage as it teaches you the basic ability to live your life. No one but yourself can teach you this! Everyone needs to be enriched with more experience and be more mature. Studying abroad means you set yourself into a circumstance that is totally different to you. You can enjoy a new culture all by yourself: people's thoughts and behaviors and the way people live are the first-hand to you , is not this great ? Cultural differences are more than just differences in language, food, appearances, cu lture and personal habits.A person's reflects very deep perceptions, beliefs, and values that influence his or her way of life and the way that he or she views the world. Students who experience cultural differences personally can come to truly understand where other cultures are coming from. You can greatly increase your adaptability to what we call the †Global Village†in your potential career ( Dixon , 2009 ).Only knowing cultural difference is not enough, studying abroad has a lot more to explore! seeing the beautiful sceneries of a nation, volunteering TRAVELLING FOR EDUCATION in social work and communicating with local people are all up to you. By studying abroad you know more about the world, no matter academically or physically. Knowing more a and experiencing more help you think rationally and behave maturely. The things above are the most important and valuable advantages we can think of. And of course there are much more that hat we mentioned , learning an d mastering a new manage or having the chance to travel may also be the advantages that attract you. Do not hesitate, going abroad to study do offer you great improvement! TRAVELLING FOR EDUCATION
Conflict of Cultural Expectations
Social expectations are something every person faces. No matter one’s gender, ethnicity, or class, everyone feels pressure to behave a certain way, and I believe one of the most defining character traits is whether one chooses to conform to these social pressures or to pave his or her own path in life. Despite the existence of social norms in every culture, certain cultures hold these expectations in much higher regards than others, and breaking such social laws can have detrimental consequences.In Women of the Silk and Jasmine, we see numerous examples of societal expectations of women, as well as the different ways in which the women characters respond. This gives us insight into their individual strengths and weaknesses, specifically involving how they cope with the struggle between what they want and what is expected of them. In Women of the Silk, there is great significance placed on expectations of women, specifically in China circa 1920’s, including pressures to live a certain lifestyle and behave in an appropriate manner at all times.The differences between how women react to these pressures is first depicted by the contrast between Pei and her older sister Li. While from my modern American perspective Pei is clearly the stronger, more admirable of the two, this is quite opposite from the traditional Chinese perspective of the time. Li is a principal example of the ideal woman from the Chinese culture perspective. She is, by nature, a dutiful and submissive girl, who wishes to please others and stick to the status quo. This is evident throughout childhood, and continues as she gets older and is expected to marry.In contrast, Pei is curious by nature, always asking questions and seeking answers, despite being reprimanded frequently for doing so. Li’s passive nature and Pei’s bold, defiant manner are revealed throughout the novel, beginning with their childhood. For example, whenever the two girls play together, Pei is always t he one running ahead and then stopping to wait on her sister. Pei asks questions which Li calmly answers, and while Pei explores her surroundings, Li is content to sit still and quietly.One passage on page 19 of the text reads, â€Å"†¦Next to [Pei], she could hear Li’s even breathing and feel her calmness. Li’s hands rested quietly on her knees, while Pei’s felt the ground beside them for anything that would make the water splash. †This example depicts the dissimilarity between the two girls’ personalities and contrasts Pei’s curiosity with Li’s contentment. This difference between the sisters is significant in that it is the factor that ultimately dictates which of them their father, Pao, will decide to send to work in the silk factory.After visiting a fortune teller, who predicts that Li will get married but is unsure of Pei’s fate, Pao decides that Pei is better suited to work at the factory, as there is no guarantee of being able to marry her off and lighten the family’s financial burden. Consequently, Pei’s life is set in motion on an unusual path, and one that certainly does not conform to the standards and expectations of women at the time. Li’s subservient nature is further proven later in the novel, when she marries a much older farmer simply because she thinks it is what is expected of her.While her father does not force her to marry the farmer, she does anyway because it is what she is â€Å"supposed†to do, and she assumes it will please her family. Likewise, she still does not go back to her family when she finds out that her new husband is violent and abusive, as women are expected to be loyal to their husbands no matter what. Although this trait of being passive and obedient is considered to be a positive attribute within her culture, it is one that seems to come at a much larger price than it is worth.While Pei may not be overjoyed to be sent to the facto ry, I would consider her fate far less tragic than that of Li’s marriage to the farmer. Just as Li’s compliance stays with her as she matures out of childhood, so does Pei’s curiosity. At the silk factory, Pei asks questions primarily to Lin, who answers them with a kind of patience and willingness that Pei is not accustomed to. Pei’s impulsive nature is exposed once again when she decides, on a whim, that she wants to go through the hair dressing ceremony with Lin.Pei and Li’s mother, Yu-sung, grew up in a family that allowed her to forego social expectations for women and instead encouraged her lively spirit and curiosity. However, when she marries, she faces much heavier social pressure to become quiet and submissive. Rather than refusing to conform to these expectations, she adapts to the fullest extent. Now, as we see by her obedience to Pao, her entire disposition has changed drastically since her childhood. Yu-sung never states her thoughts if they conflict with those of her husband.For example, although she does not necessarily agree that Pei should be sent to work, she would never utter a single word of protest, especially to Pao. While in our culture it is expected that a married couple make important decisions together, Yu-sung does not get involved in any critical family decisions throughout the novel, no matter how strongly she feels. This isn’t to say she is apathetic by any means, as it is revealed upon Pei’s return how much she truly cares.However, it does show the high priority she places on fulfilling her roles as a woman and a wife properly and in the way anticipated of her. Another example of a character that, like Pei, refuses to conform to social norms and expectations is Auntie Yee’s daughter, Chen Ling. Chen Ling is portrayed as a charismatic leader among the girls at the silk factory, and it is made evident that she lives according to her own expectations of herself rather than pr essure she feels from others and/or society in general.For example, Chen Ling is the first to decide to go through a hair dressing ceremony, clearly showing that she likes to pave her own path in life rather than taking a trail someone else has already paved. For this reason, although Chen Ling is not a particularly sociable character, she captures my respect and admiration throughout the novel. The intensity of the pressure placed on women in this culture is difficult to comprehend in this day and age. However, the character in the novel that helps me develop a better understanding of the true force behind these pressures is Mei-li.Mei-li faces her family’s expectation of her to marry the man they chose for her, whether love exists between the two or not. She also faces society’s expectations, which dictate that sex outside of marriage is inexcusable. All of the stress and weight of these pressures are what ultimately drive Mei-li to commit suicide. In this instance, it seems to me that Mei-li’s actions are less representative of her own character, but rather say more about the society as a whole.Her suicide calls attention to the injustice in the existence of such extreme pressure and inequality that is capable of causing someone to end their own life. In Jasmine, the main character, Jasmine, shows characteristics of both strength and weakness. The expectations she faces are somewhat different between the Indian background she comes from and the American culture circa 1980’s in which she becomes immersed, and she handles them in different ways as well. The first time we see Jasmine refusing to follow the â€Å"gender rules†of society is when she kills Half Face in chapter 17 of the novel.She mentions that this is not her first time being raped; it has happened on many other accounts before. However, this time, rather than act in a submissive manner again as one would expect of an Indian woman, especially one so badly frigh tened, Jasmine loses control of her calm facade and brutally kills her rapist, referred to as Half Face. The second instance I notice in which Jasmine is nonconforming in regards to social norms is when she stays at the house of the Vadhera family.Rather than keeping her thoughts to herself, she takes matters into her own hands and is open about being unhappy there, which ultimately leads to her moving to New York. If she had not made anyone else aware of her depressed feelings, Jasmine would have stayed true to her role as a traditional Indian woman, at the expense of her true hopes and dreams. In contrast to these examples and to what we had learned throughout the book of Jasmine’s somewhat rebellious nature, one might argue that she â€Å"settles†when moves to Iowa and stays with Bud.Although she is not in love with Bud, she stays at first because he is good to her and because she feels pity for him. However, when Taylor shows up to bring her back with him, Jasmine ’s true colors shine through again, as she is unwilling to refuse herself happiness to convenience others or satisfy their expectations of her. While it may be mistaken as selfishness that leads her to behave this way, I think of it more as a strength. Jasmine is able to claim her own life by refusing to conform to the social expectations of her Indian culture or of American ulture. While characters from these two novels approach societal expectations in different manners, I think the same is true in every culture. There will always be a large contrast between those who go after what they want and refuse to be deterred by social pressure versus those who would rather fold to authority and please everyone around them. While there are assets to be found in both types of women, it is the â€Å"Chen Ling’s†and â€Å"Jasmine’s†that the world seems to remember and adore.Everyone has fears, and when we see someone able to throw fear to the wind and beha ve as they wish rather than as they believe they should, it is hard not to admire that person. From my perspective, people like Jasmine, Pei, and Chen Ling, who chase happiness and refuse to abide by social dictations, should not be ashamed in the least. Rather, those such as Li and Yu-sung, who conform to their roles so completely that they deny themselves of happiness in the process, need to learn their self-worth and realize that they are smart and capable of thinking for themselves.
Friday, September 13, 2019
Demand elastic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Demand elastic - Assignment Example Price elasticity of demand can be basically classified into five categories namely perfectly inelastic demand, relatively inelastic demand, unit elastic, relatively elastic demand and perfectly elastic demand. The pricing policy of the product will invariably depend upon the elasticity of demand. The above differences in the price of the shampoos of the three companies is chiefly because of the difference in the quality of the products and the functions that are associated with the respective shampoos. This section talks about the various features that are associated with the products: Kiehl’s Shampoo – The Kiehl’s shampoos are comprised of amino acid and coconut oil. The shampoo is expected to create a delightful, creamy lather that will gently and thoroughly clean the hair. The shampoo has the undeniable presence of moisturizers that provide with the required softness and shine. The presence of wheat proteins and wheat starch helps the hairs to grow to its fullest extent without any side effect. Aveda Shampoo – Aveda shampoos are particularly useful to have cool and deep tones in natural and tinted dark shades within the hair and the shampoo helps to fight and prevent the red or the brassy tones. The specialty of the shampoo is that it comprises of the organically grown aloe, black tea along with the emollient-rich black malva. The company crafts the black malva by hand in its natural habitat. The shampoo is recommended especially for the dark shades and also it is too good for gently cleaning the hair. Origins Shampoo – Origins shampoo comprises of a very nice and decent smell that always provide with an extra layer of freshness. The shampoo is found to be extra light and smooth and comes with an impressive conditioning rinse. The users have ratified that the feel after using the shampoo has been great and it is definitely a high bred product. Relatively inelastic
Thursday, September 12, 2019
Project Management of Hamza BioDiesel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Project Management of Hamza BioDiesel - Essay Example Activity C can commence thereafter for prompt completion as well. Once activities B and C are completed, activity F can commence. All the resources will be diverted to this activity so that subsequent delays can be contained. This will ensure that the process does not exceed the current length of the critical path. Thus, activity F will be completed latest on the 14th week. Presumably, activity D can commence and be completed within one week (latest 21st week). The management consultant may have considered the main roads leading to major cities. People driving to major cities are definitely going to spend time and money on the establishment. They could be nationals or foreigners who are on business trips in the cities. Therefore, setting up petrol stations on those roads will enable them to meet the fuel needs of the drivers. While drivers refuel in their vehicles, they could refresh themselves with soft drinks and foodstuffs provided in the establishment. The management might also have considered the purchasing power of the targeted consumers. Inhabitants of major cities and their environs have a relatively higher purchasing power than their counterparts in the outskirts or rural areas have. Putting up the stations on roads leading to the major cities will definitely tap the spending power of these consumers. The stations will also have competitive prices for their products dictated by the purchasing power of the consumers. This project hopes to create a sustainable source of income. In addition, the management might also have considered the nature of goods and services preferred by the target group. Consumers in these areas use goods and services at relatively higher prices than other parts of the country. This is why it was suggested that they stock ready-to-eat foods, wines, and spirits, which are a luxury as opposed to a necessity.
Wednesday, September 11, 2019
Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility Essay - 1
Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example The case of Levi Strauss shows that corporate social responsibility and ethics help the company to create positive social image and maintain moral and ethical environment which appeals to customers, porters and the society in general. Levi Strauss is a leading apparel manufacturer operating on the market since 1853. Levi Strauss establishes a strict code of ethics which is a statement of corporate values and priorities, system guide for employees and management team. A Code of Ethics is very important in manufacturing industry because it is closely connected with quality of goods, moral and honest decisions (Sajhau 2000). The code of ethics accepted by Levi Strauss consists of two main parts: the Business Partners Terms of Engagement determining relations with partners and potential subcontractors, and Country Assessment Guidelines stipulating the selection of supplier countries. Taking into account the main articles of the Code, it is possible to say that ethics becomes a crucial part guarding and controlling decision-making process in Levi Strauss (Sajhau 2000). This Code shows that ethical principles applied by the company are concerned with truth and justice and include aspects which society expects, e.g. soc ial responsibilities and corporate behavior. Following Frederick (2002) to deal with areas that may be considered technically legal but, in the eyes of American Management, improper or unethical, companies must develop and disseminate explicit policies that are rigidly and expeditiously enforced if broken. They fall into this category, as do areas such as proprietary information, product misrepresentation, disparagement, premature disclosures, acquiring or divulging confidential information, certain gifts and entertainment, and conflicts of interest. Levi Strauss pays a special attention to its public image and the company's reputation (Kolk & Tulder, 2001). Application of Ethical Theories Virtue Ethics According to McIntyre, virtue ethics is based on the idea that a business should follow human virtue principles to behave morally. The case of Levi Strauss shows that the comapny values are core beliefs about what is intrinsically desirable. They undelines the choices made in work decisions just as they underlie the choices made in one's private life. They give rise to ideals that are called ethics or morals. In simple terms it basically mandates employees to treat customers and partners as they themselves would like to be treated: tell the truth, treat others fairly, etc. "We will favor business partners who share our commitment to contribute to improving community conditions" (Levi Strauss & Co n.d.). Following Gillian, virtue ethics ensures stable position of business and its compliance with moral norms and principles. Ethical inquiry requires the decision maker to consider facts in light of important values. The conclusions reached are often stated as judgments, such as "he is a good person"; "bribery is wrong, even though it may be profitable"; "caring about others is the essence of virtue". Levi Strauss follows these guidelines and develop its code of ethics and partnership according to these simple rules and principles. Because many people perceive right and wrong from different angles, the objective of Levi Strauss in the area of ethical and moral standards is to establish what 'is right' (Zablow, 2006). Deontological
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